2020 hypothetical hurricane season

Atlantic hurricane season (HurricaneLucas)

Seasonal Summary

Systems

Tropical Storm Arthur

Tropical storm&#;(SSHWS)
&#;
Duration	July 10&#;– July 12
Peak intensity	65&#;km/h (40&#;mph)&#;(1-min)&#; &#;hPa&#;(mbar)

Tropical Storm Bertha

Tropical storm&#;(SSHWS)
&#;
Duration	July 26&#;– July 31
Peak intensity	&#;km/h (70&#;mph)&#;(1-min)&#; &#;hPa&#;(mbar)

Tropical Storm Cristobal

Tropical storm&#;(SSHWS)
&#;
Duration	August 6&#;– August 9
Peak intensity	75&#;km/h (45&#;mph)&#;(1-min)&#; &#;hPa&#;(mbar)

Tropical Storm Dolly

Tropical storm&#;(SSHWS)
&#;
Duration	August 15&#;– August 19
Peak intensity	95&#;km/h (60&#;mph)&#;(1-min)&#; &#;hPa&#;(mbar)

Hurricane Edouard

Category 1&#;tropical cyclone&#;(SSHWS)
&#;
Duration	August 23&#;– August 28
Peak intensity	&#;km/h (80&#;mph)&#;(1-min)&#; &#;hPa&#;(mbar)

Hurricane Fay

Category 4&#;tropical cyclone&#;(SSHWS)
&#;
Duration	September 1&#;– September 5
Peak intensity	&#;km/h (&#;mph)&#;(1-min)&#; &#;hPa&#;(mbar)

Tropical Depression Seven

Tropical depression&#;(SSHWS)
&#;
Duration	September 4&#;– September 5
Peak intensity	55&#;km/h (35&#;mph)&#;(1-min)&#; &#;hPa&#;(mbar)

Hurricane Gonzalo

Category 1&#;tropical cyclone&#;(SSHWS)
&#;
Duration	September 11&#;– September 19
Peak intensity	&#;km/h (90&#;mph)&#;(1-min)&#; &#;hPa&#;(mbar)

Tropical Storm Hanna

Tropical storm&#;(SSHWS)
&#;
Duration	September 13&#;– September 15
Peak intensity	95&#;km/h (60&#;mph)&#;(1-min)&#; &#;hPa&#;(mbar)

Hurricane Isaias

Category 5&#;tropical cyclone&#;(SSHWS)
&#;
Duration	September 18&#;– October 4
Peak intensity	&#;km/h (&#;mph)&#;(1-min)&#; &#;hPa&#;(mbar)

The only category 5 hurricane, it slammed hard into the East Coast, killing over direct and causing $ billion. It slammed into North Carolina as a category 3 storm with mph winds, and wrecked the East Coast.

Hurricane Josephine

Category 4&#;tropical cyclone&#;(SSHWS)
&#;
Duration	September 24&#;– October 3
Peak intensity	&#;km/h (&#;mph)&#;(1-min)&#; &#;hPa&#;(mbar)

Tropical Storm Kyle

Tropical storm&#;(SSHWS)
&#;
Duration	September 29&#;– October 2
Peak intensity	&#;km/h (65&#;mph)&#;(1-min)&#; &#;hPa&#;(mbar)

Hurricane Laura

Category 2&#;tropical cyclone&#;(SSHWS)
&#;
Duration	October 10&#;– October 16
Peak intensity	&#;km/h (&#;mph)&#;(1-min)&#; &#;hPa&#;(mbar)

Hurricane Marco

Category 3&#;tropical cyclone&#;(SSHWS)
&#;
Duration	October 23&#;– October 30
Peak intensity	&#;km/h (&#;mph)&#;(1-min)&#; &#;hPa&#;(mbar)

Tropical Depression Fifteen

Tropical depression&#;(SSHWS)
&#;
Duration	November 8&#;– November 11
Peak intensity	55&#;km/h (35&#;mph)&#;(1-min)&#; &#;hPa&#;(mbar)

Subtropical Storm Nana

Subtropical storm&#;(SSHWS)
&#;
Duration	December 16&#;– December 19
Peak intensity	75&#;km/h (45&#;mph)&#;(1-min)&#; &#;hPa&#;(mbar)

System Names

The following list of names was used for named storms that formed in the North Atlantic in The names not retired from this list were used again in the&#; season. This was the same list used in the&#; season. The name Isaias was used for the first (and only) time this year. The name Isaias replaced&#;Ike&#;after the&#; season, but was not used in

Retirement

On March 28, , at the 43th session of the RA IV hurricane committee, the&#;World Meteorological Organization&#;retired the names&#;Fay, Isaias,&#;Josephine, and Marco&#;from their rotating naming lists due to the number of deaths and amount of damage they caused, and they will not be used again for another&#;Atlantic hurricane. They will be replaced with&#;Frieda, Irving, Joanna, and Malcolm&#;for the season, respectively. With four names retired, the season is tied with the&#;,&#;, , and &#;seasons for the second-highest number of storm names retired after a single Atlantic season, only surpassed by the&#; and seasons, which had five retired names.

Seasonal Effects

Porygonal's Atlantic hurricane season

is one of seven known seasons to produce more than one Category 5 hurricane - Laura and Teddy. The other years were , , , , , and The season is also only the second season on record to completely exhaust the official name list, the other being

The season began on June 1, , and ended on November 30, This period delimits the time in which tropical cyclones form in the Atlantic basin. However, as showcased by Tropical Storm Arthur in May, tropical storms can form at any time of the year. In June, Tropical Storm Bertha paralleled the east coast. A notable storm in July was Hurricane Cristobal, which strengthened to Category 2 status as it caused strong rip currents off the east coast. In August, Hurricane Edouard rapidly intensified in the Gulf of Mexico, surprising Florida with a Category 3 landfall, and Hurricane Josephine, which swept through the Caribbean, eventually making landfall in Florida as well. In September, Hurricane Laura became the strongest storm of the season, striking Louisiana as a Category 4 hurricane, and Hurricane Omar brought some rough weather to the east coast. In October, Hurricane Teddy struck Cuba as a powerful hurricane before threatening the eastern U.S. In November, Hurricane Wilfred brought a surprise, late-season blow to Texas, causing catastrophic flooding.

Seasonal Summary

Systems

Tropical Storm Arthur

Tropical storm&#;(SSHWS)
&#;
Duration	May 18&#;– May 21
Peak intensity	60&#;mph (95&#;km/h) (1-min)&#; &#;mbar&#;(hPa)

Main article: Tropical Storm Arthur ()

In mid-May, a large frontal system formed in the gulf of Mexico. As it accelerated northeast, an area of low pressure developed in the Caribbean, due to enhanced convection. With warm waters and moderate wind shear, the system slowly organized, and was designated as Subtropical storm Arthur on May Arthur was initially broad and disorganized, but by the following morning convective activity increased around the center, which resulted in Arthur's upgrade to a fully tropical storm. Arthur intensified as it approached landfall, and peaked with winds of 60&#;mph as it was making landfall in Englewood, Florida. Arthur did not weaken much over Florida, but it actually reached its minimum pressure of millibars while located near Lake Okeechobee. Arthur emerged off the Florida coast on May 21, and was declared post-tropical shortly afterward.

Arthur's precursor dropped heavy rain across the Yucatan Peninsula, killing two people. It also caused some flooding in Cuba, but the main impacts were felt in Florida and the northern Bahamas, where two people died, and moderate street flooding ensued.

Tropical Storm Bertha

Tropical storm&#;(SSHWS)
&#;
Duration	June 11&#;– June 15
Peak intensity	50&#;mph (85&#;km/h) (1-min)&#; &#;mbar&#;(hPa)

On June 6, an area of low pressure developed east of the Bahamas. Due to moderate to strong wind shear, the system didn't organize much for several days. The system approached Florida, where shear was lower, and it began to slowly organize as it moved north-northeast. Late on June 11, Tropical Depression Two formed. On June 12, it was upgraded to Tropical Storm Bertha. Somewhat favorable conditions allowed Bertha to gradually intensify, peaking on June 14 with winds of 50&#;mph. After this, Bertha was picked up by a trough. Bertha became post-tropical just prior to landfall in Nova Scotia, but still brought tropical storm conditions to the eastern half of the Peninsula.

Bertha's precursor dropped heavy rain over the Bahamas and Florida, killing one person. In Nova Scotia, two people were injured when their car slipped off the road.

Hurricane Cristobal

Category 2&#;hurricane&#;(SSHWS)
&#;
Duration	July 17&#;– July 23
Peak intensity	&#;mph (&#;km/h) (1-min)&#; &#;mbar&#;(hPa)

Main articles: Hurricane Cristobal (/Pory) and Hurricane Cristobal ()

Cristobal originated from a low pressure area which formed in the Gulf of Mexico on July The system moved eastward, over Florida. When it reached the Bahamas, conditions allowed for organization, and Tropical Depression Three was declared on July The system hooked left as it intensified into a tropical storm. Cristobal was initially forecast to immediately make landfall in South Carolina, but a ridge built to the north, keeping Cristobal in place. The storm reached an initial peak of 50&#;mph, before it began to upwell cold water, weakening to 45&#;mph. Cristobal eventually got moving again and intensified into a hurricane on July Early on July 22, Cristobal peaked with winds of &#;mph, before it entered colder waters. Cristobal accelerated to the northeast before making landfall in Hubbards, Nova Scotia as a minimal hurricane. Shortly after landfall, Cristobal transitioned into an extratropical cyclone.

Cristobal killed three people due to rip currents off the east coast, and minor flooding ensued in South Carolina and Northern Georgia due to rainfall. Nova Scotia took the brunt of the hurricane, where three people died and a little over $ Million in damage was reported.

Tropical Storm Dolly

Tropical storm&#;(SSHWS)
&#;
Duration	July 20&#;– July 24
Peak intensity	50&#;mph (85&#;km/h) (1-min)&#; &#;mbar&#;(hPa)

On July 15, a tropical wave moved off the coast of Africa. Initially inhibited by Saharan air, the low pressure area developed a tiny circulation on July 19, and the NHC said a tropical cyclone could form at any time. On July 20, recon data confirmed that Tropical Depression Four had formed. Early on July 22, it intensified into Tropical Storm Dolly. Dolly quickly intensified to peak winds of 50&#;mph, before approaching much higher wind shear. Dolly's circulation became separated from the main convection, and it weakened to a tropical depression on July It was declared a remnant low six hours later.

While Dolly had no impacts on land as a tropical cyclone, the remnants later brought enhanced rainfall to the Lesser Antilles. Minimal impacts occurred.

Tropical Depression Five

Tropical depression&#;(SSHWS)
&#;
Duration	July 28&#;– July 30
Peak intensity	35&#;mph (55&#;km/h) (1-min)&#; &#;mbar&#;(hPa)

On July 22, another tropical wave emerged off the coast of Africa. Many models at the time made it a major threat to the east coast, it was a high priority cyclone for the NHC. Despite forecasts of quick development, the wave's fast movement speed prevented much development until it approached the Leeward Islands in the last week of July. It is estimated that Tropical Depression Five formed on July The initial forecast took the system over Puerto Rico, and making it a hurricane in the Bahamas, but an upper level low unexpectedly began to shear the depression. It entered the Caribbean sea and dissipated on July It was monitored for regeneration afterwards, but it never did.

The depression brought gusty winds to parts of the Leeward Islands and Greater Antilles. One person died in the Dominican Republic when his house was carried in a landslide. Otherwise, impacts were minimal.

Hurricane Edouard

Category 3&#;hurricane&#;(SSHWS)
&#;
Duration	August 4&#;– August 10
Peak intensity	&#;mph (&#;km/h) (1-min)&#; &#;mbar&#;(hPa)

Main article: Hurricane Edouard

A tropical wave that had developed near the Lesser Antilles began to show signs of organization on August 2. On August 3, potential tropical cyclone six was declared. Due to further development, a Tropical Depression formed, and it was later upgraded to Tropical Storm Edouard. Embedded in marginally favorable conditions, Edouard gradually intensified as it moved over the Bahamas, making landfall over the Florida Keys on August 6, as a strong tropical storm. Edouard emerged into the gulf of Mexico and was upgraded to a hurricane on August 7. Initially slow to intensify due to some wind shear, this shear abated and allowed Edouard to intensify further, into a major hurricane on August 8. That afternoon, Edouard peaked with winds of &#;mph as it made landfall in Rosemary Beach, Florida. Edouard weakened as it moved inland, and it dissipated on August The remnants persisted for a few more days, and were last seen over New York.

Edouard dropped heavy rain across the Greater Antilles and Florida as a growing tropical storm, killing twelve people. Heavy damage was reported on the Florida panhandle, but thankfully people had learned from Hurricane Michael and evacuated, so only 25 people died in the United States. However, the damage was severe.

Tropical Storm Fay

Tropical storm&#;(SSHWS)
&#;
Duration	August 6&#;– August 10
Peak intensity	65&#;mph (&#;km/h) (1-min)&#; &#;mbar&#;(hPa)

A non-tropical low developed over the Atlantic ocean on August 2. Initially plagued by strong upper level winds, the disturbance struggled to stay organized. The shear diminished slightly on August 4, allowing for slow organization. By August 6, it was confirmed that a Tropical Depression formed. Initially only forecast to strengthen slightly, the depression became Tropical Storm Fay early on August 7. The storm moved slowly, intensifying to peak winds of 65&#;mph on August 9. Fay than accelerated northeast, becoming post-tropical on August

Despite the fact that Fay did not strike Bermuda directly, gusty winds battered the island for a few days as the storm passed. Thankfully, damage was minimal.

Tropical Storm Gonzalo

Tropical storm&#;(SSHWS)
&#;
Duration	August 14&#;– August 20
Peak intensity	50&#;mph (85&#;km/h) (1-min)&#; &#;mbar&#;(hPa)

A tropical wave emerged off the coast of Africa on August 7. It moved across the tropical Atlantic, not organizing much due to its high movement speed. Trades slowed down as the storm approached the Leeward Islands, and it was able to get better organized. It was declared a potential tropical cyclone on August 13, due to the storm's threat to the Leewards. It moved into the Caribbean sea and developed into Tropical Depression Eight on August Twelve hours later, it was upgraded to Tropical Storm Gonzalo, based on recon reports. Initial forecasts brought Gonzalo to hurricane strength as it approached the Dominican Republic, but Gonzalo did not organize further due to some Saharan air. Gonzalo made landfall in Boca de Yuma, Dominican Republic, on August 16, as a tropical storm. The high mountains of the island took a great toll on the storm, greatly disrupting the circulation. Operationally, Gonzalo passed over Cuba as a remnant low and regenerated in the Bahamas, but post-analysis deemed Gonzalo had remained a depression. Gonzalo emerged into the Bahamas and re-intensified into a tropical storm on August 18, reaching a secondary peak the following day, with winds of 45&#;mph. Gonzalo then entered strong shear north of the Bahamas, and the storm was torn apart into a remnant low on August

Across Hispaniola and Cuba, Gonzalo dropped significant precipitation, with some areas receiving 20 inches of rain. In Haiti, 15 people died due to mudslides and flooding. Three people died in the Dominican Republic, and two people died in the United States, due to the storm's rip currents.

Hurricane Hanna

Category 4&#;hurricane&#;(SSHWS)
&#;
Duration	August 19&#;– August 31
Peak intensity	&#;mph (&#;km/h) (1-min)&#; &#;mbar&#;(hPa)

On August 15, a tropical wave emerged off the coast of Africa. With favorable conditions ahead, the system organized gradually. The wave briefly became disorganized on August 16, due to some cold water, but it re-organized, and developed into a tropical cyclone by August Later that day, it became Tropical Storm Hanna. Hanna began to quickly intensify, becoming a hurricane on August Hanna intensified further and became a major hurricane on August Recon found that Hanna reached Category 4 status later that day, and it quickly intensified to peak intensity, as a strong Category 4 hurricane. The hurricane then underwent an eyewall replacement cycle, weakening it to a Category 3 hurricane. It re-intensified afterwards, reaching a secondary peak of &#;mph. At the time, the powerful hurricane was poised to strike Bermuda , and hurricane watches and warnings were issued. However, Hanna remained east of the island. On August 28, Hanna reached a third peak of &#;mph, before it began to accelerate northeast. The hurricane quickly weakened into a tropical storm, and became extratropical only six hours later.

Hurricane Isaias

Category 3&#;hurricane&#;(SSHWS)
&#;
Duration	August 22&#;– August 29
Peak intensity	&#;mph (&#;km/h) (1-min)&#; &#;mbar&#;(hPa)

In mid-August, a tropical wave began to feature enhanced convective activity. It moved through the leeward islands, slowly developing due to low upper-level winds, the system approached the Greater Antilles. On August 22, recon observations confirmed that Tropical Depression Ten formed about a dozen miles off the western tip of Haiti. After some time passed, the Depression was upgraded to Tropical Storm Isaias, marking the first usage of the name. Initially, Isaias only had time to peak as a weak tropical storm after making landfall in Cuba. After moving off the coast and into the warm Bahamas, however, Isaias began to intensify quicker, becoming a hurricane late on August After an eyewall replacement cycle, Isaias rapidly intensified into a major hurricane on August 26, as it developed concentric eyewalls. After peaking as a low-end Category 3 hurricane, Isaias weakened due to increasing wind shear. Isaias accelerated northward as it lost tropical characteristics, completing the transition by August

Isaias caused limited impacts in Cuba, causing about $54 million in damage and killing one person due to dangerous flood waters. In Bermuda, where Isaias hit just below peak strength, about $11 million in damage was recorded.

Hurricane Josephine

Category 4&#;hurricane&#;(SSHWS)
&#;
Duration	August 23&#;– September 5
Peak intensity	&#;mph (&#;km/h) (1-min)&#; &#;mbar&#;(hPa)

Hurricane Kyle

Category 1&#;hurricane&#;(SSHWS)
&#;
Duration	September 2&#;– September 16
Peak intensity	80&#;mph (&#;km/h) (1-min)&#; &#;mbar&#;(hPa)

Hurricane Laura

Category 5&#;hurricane&#;(SSHWS)
&#;
Duration	September 5&#;– September 17
Peak intensity	&#;mph (&#;km/h) (1-min)&#; &#;mbar&#;(hPa)

Tropical Storm Marco

Tropical storm&#;(SSHWS)
&#;
Duration	September 16&#;– September 19
Peak intensity	40&#;mph (65&#;km/h) (1-min)&#; &#;mbar&#;(hPa)

Hurricane Nana

Category 2&#;hurricane&#;(SSHWS)
&#;
Duration	September 20&#;– September 26
Peak intensity	&#;mph (&#;km/h) (1-min)&#; &#;mbar&#;(hPa)

Hurricane Omar

Category 4&#;hurricane&#;(SSHWS)
&#;
Duration	September 23&#;– October 3
Peak intensity	&#;mph (&#;km/h) (1-min)&#; &#;mbar&#;(hPa)

Tropical Storm Paulette

Tropical storm&#;(SSHWS)
&#;
Duration	October 1&#;– October 4
Peak intensity	50&#;mph (85&#;km/h) (1-min)&#; &#;mbar&#;(hPa)

Hurricane Rene

Category 1&#;hurricane&#;(SSHWS)
&#;
Duration	October 11&#;– October 16
Peak intensity	90&#;mph (&#;km/h) (1-min)&#; &#;mbar&#;(hPa)

Tropical Storm Sally

Tropical storm&#;(SSHWS)
&#;
Duration	October 18&#;– October 20
Peak intensity	45&#;mph (75&#;km/h) (1-min)&#; &#;mbar&#;(hPa)

Hurricane Teddy

Category 5&#;hurricane&#;(SSHWS)
&#;
Duration	October 24&#;– October 31
Peak intensity	&#;mph (&#;km/h) (1-min)&#; &#;mbar&#;(hPa)

Hurricane Vicky

Category 1&#;hurricane&#;(SSHWS)
&#;
Duration	October 27&#;– November 2
Peak intensity	85&#;mph (&#;km/h) (1-min)&#; &#;mbar&#;(hPa)

Hurricane Wilfred

Category 2&#;hurricane&#;(SSHWS)
&#;
Duration	November 22&#;– November 27
Peak intensity	&#;mph (&#;km/h) (1-min)&#; &#;mbar&#;(hPa)

Season Effects

Storm Names

The following names were used for named storms that formed in the North Atlantic in The names not retired from this list were used again in the season. This is the same list used for the season. Storms were named Isaias, Paulette, Rene, Sally, Teddy, Vicky, and Wilfred for the first time in For the first time since , the V and W names were used, due to the extreme activity of the season.

Retirement

On April 20, , at the 43rd session of the RA IV hurricane committee, the World Meteorological Organization retired the names Edouard, Josephine, Laura, Teddy, and Wilfred from its rotating naming lists due to the amount of deaths and damage they caused, and they will not be used again for another Atlantic hurricane. They will be replaced with Elliot, Jenni, Louise, Tyson, and Watson for the season, respectively. With five names retired, the season is tied with the season for the highest number of storm names retired after a single Atlantic season.

The Lake Huron hurricane season an above average season with new names being used for the first time. Despite all that, this season was extremely costly and it broke the record for the deadliest season in recorded history. This is a table of the storms and their effects in the Atlantic hurricane season. Most tornadoes form in the U.S., although some events may take place internationally, particularly in parts of neighboring southern Canada during the Northern Hemisphere's summer season. While the Pacific hurricane season starts at May 15th and ends on November 30th, the Atlantic hurricane season starts at June 1st a. Hurricane Season The Atlantic hurricane season is a future event in the annual tropical cyclone season in the northern hemisphere. . Tropical Depression are not included in season total. Admist the passage of Hurricane Henri in October , ten tornadoes struck New England, an area not usually prone to tornadoes, between October 14 and Atlantic hurricane season (WG/REMAKE) Atlantic Hurricane Season Atlantic Hurricane Season Community. The hurricane season will begin at different dates depending on the region. (Made by M.O. Move your Hypothetical season to hypothetical season wiki Hurricane Luca's wall > Move your Hypothetical season to hypothetical season wiki … I want to make this as authentic as possible!) I also may take breaks to work on other cool projects. was a hyperactive season despite having not enough storms for an above-average season This season is also known to be the most destructive on record, beating and also the deadliest season on record, beating The New Year's Tornado Outbreak of was one of the worst outbreaks recorded in United States History, inflicting tons of damage to the New England coastline in what was believed to be a once in a lifetime event. It set the record for the number of named storms, a record number of U.S. landfalls, some of the most rapidly intensifying hurricanes ever observed, freak out-of-season storms, a weirdo storm that made it to Lake Superior, six major hurricanes, and widespread destruction from Central America to the Gulf Coast. Once they dissipated. WIP (This is a very large Project and will take some time. The Lake Michigan hurricane season was a Semi-Active hurricane season that took place over Lake Michigan It began on June 1st, and ended November 30th, In a trash year, Atlantic hurricane season has been its own particular dumpster fire. Hurricane season usually lasts for about six months in most regions. This page documents the tornadoes and tornado outbreaks of The hardest hit area was Times Square, where an EF3 caused mass panic and destruction as it ravaged the area. In Spring the WMO retied the names Bill,Danny,Julian and Mindy from the name list the names will never be used again for Atlantic Hurricane season again the names will be replaced by the names Buffalo,Deigo,Jarret,Margret for Strong and destructive tornadoes form most frequently in the United States, Argentina, Brazil, Bangladesh, and Eastern India, but can occur almost anywhere under the right conditions. The Pacific hurricane season was an active season despite the formation of a Neutral Season. The Atlantic Hurricane Season was a significantly less active season than its record predecessor. Recent blog posts Forum Explore. The outlook, which is championed by … The highest elevation on the island being 4 feet, 90% of the island was under at least 2 feet of water, the deepest point estimated at 16 feet. During the season, it started off with Tropical Storm Ariel on the first day of the hurricane season. Hurricane Larry of was the 2nd strongest tropical cyclone of the Atlantic hurricane season, and it initially formed as a tropical disturbance over the southern Atlantic ocean. This season also broke the record for the most intense storm, costliest storm and deadliest storm, going for the same one named Mindy. Although this outbreak was very historical for this region of the world, many of the tornadoes were weak, minimalizing the potential damage possible. While the Atlantic Hurricane Season runs from June 1st to November 30th, the Pacific Hurricane Season starts on May 15th and ends on November 30th. Beginning this year, a strong El Nino will develop, and will continue for the next three years. Diving back into the HHW’s Atlantic Hurricane Season, I find that Hurricane Michael was a weak, subtropical storm that hit Oct. 10, but also a Category 4 storm that developed around Sept. This page documents the tornadoes and tornado outbreaks of , primarily (but not entirely) in the United States. Some tornadoes also take place in Europe, e. g. in the United Kingdom or in Germany. On November 12, , the National Weather Service in Portland, Oregon issued a Winter Storm Watch for heavy snow possible on November 14th. was a near-average season with 10 tropical storms, 4 hurricanes and 4 majors. It will be quite a while until each page for every state effected is created and filled with information. Scientists are predicting that will be an above average year for tornadic activity in the U.S. Rounding up to tornadoes, they think an EF5 is imminent this year. Strong and destructive tornadoes form most frequently in the United States, Bangladesh, and Eastern India, but they can occur almost anywhere under the right conditions. Wiki More Hypothetical Hurricanes Wiki 2 Wiki. Hypothetical ATL Hurricane Season (a random storm) Hypothetical ATL Hurricane Season (a random storm) Dancing Hurricanes; Hypothetical Atlantic Hurricane Season (Sebastian's Version) Florida (Flo) The Madness of King Phil; Philippines At 5 pm UTC, May 5, it made landfall on Sable Island, a 26 mile long, 1 mile wide sand bar miles northwest of Canso, Nova Scotia. Season effects. Tornadoes also develop occasionally in southern Canada during the Northern Hemisphere's summer and somewhat regularly … This season was quite inactive on September which is one of the reasons on why it was a near-average season. The Atlantic hurricane season was the most active hurricane season on record, beating out just the previous year.The season will officially start on June 1, but as shown by the formation of Subtropical Depression One on January 13 (later becoming Subtropical … The Atlantic hurricane season began on June 1st, and ended November 30th, ) The Hurricane Fred Tornado Outbreak was a four day severe weather outbreak that affected states of Florida, Alabama, and Mississippi and it was also a remmant hurricane type when the tornado outbreak happened and it happened between September The tornadoes were mostly weak and there were only about 4 strong type tornadoes. The Atlantic hurricane season was an event that began on June 1 and ended on Nov,ber The Atlantic Hurricane Season was a destructive but below average season. The EF5 will drop in Kansas, but they don't know exactly where. These dates historically describe the period each year when most tropical cyclones form in the Atlantic basin and are adopted by convention. Atlantic hurricane season (Fly's hypothetical) Atlantic hurricane season (Fly's reimagined) Naples Earthquake; Atlantic hurricane season (Doug) Lake Michigan hurricane season; Los Angeles Tornadoes; Australian Region cyclone season; Atlantic hurricane season; The Global Tropical Cyclone Totals is the amount of Tropical and Subtropical cyclones that formed between January 1st and December 31st, The Green Color in the tracks represent winds less than 38 mph (IE: Tropical Depression), yellow represents 39 to 57 mph (IE: Tropical Storm), orange represents 58 to 73 mph, and finally, red represents 74+ mph (IE: Hurricane). At the same time, the Climate Prediction Center was watching ENSO forecasts predict a La Nina to develop within the next 3 monthes. The season was a below average hurricane season and was the least active since , with 12 depressions, 9 named storms, 5 hurricanes, and 2 major hurricanes. The season officially begins on June 1, , and ends on November 30, On November 9, , forecasters were watching a Low-pressure system capable of producing large amounts of snow. Menu. This page documents notable tornadoes and tornado outbreaks worldwide in This table includes the storm's names, duration, peak intensity, Areas affected (bold indicates made landfall in that region at least once), damages, and death totals. 1 In The Year 2 Atlantic Hurricane Season (Jackson's Edition) 3 Atlantic hurricane season; Following the days after Bianca formed, Cinderella started its life. As the year goes by, they get more information on what's about to come. Then when Ariel dissipated, Bianca formed. 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Atlantic Hurricane Season

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The National Hurricane Center's Tropical Cyclone Reports contain comprehensive information on each tropical cyclone, including synoptic history, meteorological statistics, casualties and damages, and the post-analysis best track (six-hourly positions and intensities). Tropical cyclones include depressions, storms and hurricanes. Tropical depressions listed below are those that did not reach tropical storm strength.

XML index of all Tropical Cyclone Reports

• Tropical Storm Ana – PDF – KMZ – SHP
• Tropical Storm Bill – PDF – KMZ – SHP

Preliminary Atlantic Tropical Cyclone Tracks - Updated monthly

If you have trouble viewing linked files, obtain a free viewer for the file format:

Hurricane season in the Atlantic Ocean

The Atlantic hurricane season is the ongoing Atlantic hurricane season, which is part of the annual tropical cyclone season in the northern hemisphere. As anticipated,^[1] the season has had above-average tropical cyclone activity.^{[nb 2]} To date (October 13), the season has produced 20&#;named storms, tying it with as the third-most active Atlantic hurricane season on record.^[3] The storms combined have caused just under an estimated $70&#;billion in damages, making the fourth-costliest Atlantic hurricane season on record. The current season began on June&#;1, , and will end on November&#;30, These dates, adopted by convention, historically describe the period in each year when most Atlantic tropical cyclones form.^[4] However, subtropical or tropical cyclogenesis is possible at any time of the year, as was the case this season, when Tropical Storm Ana formed on May 22, making the seventh consecutive year that a storm formed before the designated start of the season.^[5] The season had the most active June on record, tying , , , and with three named storms forming in the month.^[6] Then, on July&#;1, Hurricane Elsa formed, surpassing 's Tropical Storm Edouard as the earliest-forming fifth named storm on record by five days.^[7]

Several tropical cyclones have had severe impact on land this year. In August, Tropical Storm Fred caused devastating flooding across parts of the Greater Antilles and Southeastern United States. Hurricane Grace intensified to a Category&#;3 major hurricane^{[nb 3]} before making landfall in the Mexican state of Veracruz. Hurricane Ida was a deadly and destructive hurricane that made landfall in the U.S. state of Louisiana at Category&#;4 strength, becoming the most intense and destructive tropical cyclone to affect the state since Hurricane Katrina; it also caused catastrophic flooding across the Northeastern United States. Hurricane Larry peaked as a powerful Category&#;3 hurricane over the open Atlantic before making landfall in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador as a Category&#;1 hurricane. Later, Hurricane Nicholas moved erratically both on- and offshore the coasts of Texas and Louisiana.

This season, the National Hurricane Center (NHC) began issuing regular Tropical Weather Outlooks on May 15, two weeks earlier than it has done in the past. This change was implemented given that named systems had formed in the Atlantic Ocean prior to the start of the season in each of the preceding six cycles.^[9] Prior to the start of the season, NOAA deployed five modified hurricane-class saildrones at key locations around the basin, and in September, one of the vessels was in position to obtain video and data from inside Hurricane Sam. It was the first research vessel to ever venture into the middle of a major hurricane.^[10]

Seasonal forecasts

In advance of, and during, each hurricane season, several forecasts of hurricane activity are issued by national meteorological services, scientific agencies, and noted hurricane experts. These include forecasters from the United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)'s Climate Prediction Center, Tropical Storm Risk (TSR), the United Kingdom's Met Office, and Philip J. Klotzbach, William M. Gray and their associates at Colorado State University (CSU). The forecasts include weekly and monthly changes in significant factors that help determine the number of tropical storms, hurricanes, and major hurricanes within a particular year. According to NOAA and CSU, the average Atlantic hurricane season between and &#;contained roughly 14&#;tropical storms, seven hurricanes, three major hurricanes, and an accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) index of 72– units.^[12] Broadly speaking, ACE is a measure of the power of a tropical or subtropical storm multiplied by the length of time it existed. It is only calculated for full advisories on specific tropical and subtropical systems reaching or exceeding wind speeds of 39&#;mph (63&#;km/h).^[8] NOAA typically categorizes a season as above-average, average, or below-average based on the cumulative ACE index, but the number of tropical storms, hurricanes, and major hurricanes within a hurricane season is sometimes also considered.^[8]

Pre-season forecasts

On December&#;9, , TSR issued an extended range forecast for the hurricane season, predicting slightly above-average activity with 16 named storms, seven hurricanes, three major hurricanes, and an ACE index of about units. TSR cited the expected development of a weak La Niña during the third quarter of as the main factor behind their forecast.^[12] CSU released their first predictions on April 8, , predicting an above-average season with 17 named storms, eight hurricanes, four major hurricanes, and an ACE index of units, citing the unlikelihood of an El Niño and much warmer than average sea surface temperatures in the subtropical Atlantic.^[13] TSR updated their forecast on April 13, with 17 named storms, eight hurricanes, and three major hurricanes, with an ACE index of units.^[15] On the same day, University of Arizona (UA) issued its seasonal prediction of above-average hurricane activities, with 18 named storms, eight hurricanes, four major hurricanes, and an ACE index of units.^[16]North Carolina State University (NCSU) made its prediction for the season on April 14, calling for an above-average season with 15 to 18 named storms, seven to nine hurricanes, and two to three major hurricanes.^[17] On May 13, The Weather Company (TWC) updated their forecast for the season, calling for an active season, with 19 named storms, eight hurricanes, and four major hurricanes.^[19] On May 20, NOAA's Climate Prediction Center issued their forecasts for the season, predicting a 60% chance of above-average activity and 30% chance for below-average activity, with named storms, hurricanes and major hurricanes.^[20] The following day, the United Kingdom's Met Office (UKMO) issued their own forecast for the season, predicting an average one with 14 named storms, seven hurricanes, and three major hurricanes, with a 70% chance that each of these statistics will fall between 9 and 19, 4 and 10, and 1 and 5, respectively.^[21]

Mid-season forecasts

On June 16, University of Arizona (UA) updated their forecast for the season, with 19 named storms, six hurricanes, four major hurricanes, and an ACE index of units.^[24] On July 6, TSR released their third forecast for the season, slightly increasing their numbers to 20 named storms, 9 hurricanes and 4 major hurricanes. This prediction was largely based on their expectation for a weak La Niña to develop by the third quarter of the year.^[25] On July 8, CSU updated their prediction to 20 named storms, 9 hurricanes, and 4 major hurricanes.^[26] On August 5, TSR issued their final forecast for the season, lowering their numbers to 18 named storms, 7 hurricanes and 3 major hurricanes.^[30]

Seasonal summary

See also: Timeline of the Atlantic hurricane season

Tropical Storm Ana formed ten days before the official start of the Atlantic hurricane season, making the seventh consecutive year in which a tropical or subtropical cyclone formed before the season's official start on June 1. Ana formed in a location where no tropical storms within the month of May had been documented since before ^[31] In mid-June, a rapidly developing non-tropical low offshore of the North Carolina coast became Tropical Storm Bill. The system lasted for only two days before becoming extratropical. Later that month, Tropical Storm Claudette formed on the coast of Louisiana and Tropical Storm Danny formed off the coast of South Carolina. Hurricane Elsa formed at the beginning of July and became the first hurricane of the season on July 2 before impacting the Caribbean and later the Eastern United States and Atlantic Canada after making landfall in Florida as a tropical storm on July 8. Afterwards, activity came to a halt due to unfavorable conditions across the basin.

Three tropical cyclones simultaneously active in the North Atlantic on August&#; Fred(left), nearing landfall in the Florida Panhandle; Grace(lower right), south of Hispaniola; and the tropical depression which would eventually become Henri(upper right), near Bermuda

On August 11, Fred formed in the eastern Caribbean, bringing impacts to the Greater and Lesser Antilles, and the Southeastern United States. A couple of days later, Grace formed and strengthened to the second hurricane and first major hurricane of the season, and brought impacts to Hispaniola and eastern Mexico. A third tropical system, Henri, developed on August 16, near Bermuda.^[32] Henri meandered for several days before becoming the third hurricane of the season on August 21 and impacted New England, causing record flooding in some places. Towards the end of the month, Hurricane Ida formed, causing major damage in Western Cuba before rapidly intensifying into a Category&#;4 hurricane and striking Southeastern Louisiana at near peak intensity, producing widespread, catastrophic damage. Its remnants then generated a deadly tornado outbreak and widespread flooding across the Northeastern United States. Two other tropical storms, Kate and Julian, also formed briefly during this time, but remained at sea. Larry initially formed on the last day of August and strengthened into a major hurricane early in September. It became the first hurricane to make landfall on Newfoundland since Igor in ^[33]

As the mid-point of the hurricane season approached,^{[nb 4]} Tropical Storm Mindy formed on September&#;8, and made landfall on the Florida Panhandle shortly thereafter.^[34] It was followed by Hurricane Nicholas, which formed on September&#;12,^[35] and made landfall along the central Texas coast two days later.^[36] They were followed by three tropical storms—Odette, Peter, and Rose—which were steered by prevailing winds away from any interaction with land. The busy pace of storm-formation continued late into September. Sam, a long-lived major hurricane, developed in the central tropical Atlantic, and proceeded to rapidly intensify from a tropical depression to a hurricane within 24&#;hours on September&#;23 and&#;^[37][38] Meanwhile, Subtropical Storm Teresa, formed north of Bermuda on September&#; Tropical Storm Victor formed late in the month at an unusually low latitude of °N; only two North Atlantic tropical storms on record have formed further to the south: 's Kirk at °N, and an unnamed hurricane at °N.^[39]

The ACE index for the Atlantic hurricane season, as calculated by Colorado State University using data from the National Hurricane Center (NHC), is &#;units (as of &#;UTC October&#;5).^[40] The totals represent the sum of the squares for every (sub)tropical storm's intensity of over 33 knots (38&#;mph; 61&#;km/h), divided by 10,

Systems

Tropical Storm Ana

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Duration	May 22&#;– May 23
Peak intensity	45&#;mph (75&#;km/h) (1-min)&#; &#;mbar&#;(hPa)

See also: List of off-season Atlantic hurricanes

On May 20 at UTC, a potent extratropical cyclone formed in the mid Atlantic about &#;nmi (&#;mi) east-southeast of Bermuda from a shortwave trough. The system started slowly moving in the Northeast direction during which, the northern half of the system started producing gale-force winds, thus creating an asymmetrical wind field. However, by the next day, the wind field had extended considerably reaching out about &#;nmi (&#;mi) to the northeast. The system then accelerated in the west-northwest direction later that day due to being caught in an upper-level low. The system started slowing down on the next day as it moved under the low. This event caused wind shear to decrease and some convection began to develop. As the low began to shed frontal characteristics, it gained more organization and by UTC on that day, the system became a subtropical cyclone and received the name "Ana." Ana made a counter-clockwise loop, mainly in part because the only influence were weak steering currents. The convection in the storm was displaced that day, however, later in the same day, the storm had managed to have a more persistent convection near the center. By midnight on May 23, Ana had developed a more symmetrical wind field and transitioned into a tropical storm. Ana then began accelerating northeastward, due to a southwesterly flow. That, and a flare-up in convection caused Ana to reach peak intensity with winds of 45&#;mph (70&#;km/h) and a pressure of 1,&#;mbar (&#;inHg). As Ana moved Northeastward, it was confronted with wind shear and lost some convection. This continued, and by UTC on May 23, the system lost all convection and became post-tropical. However, the low still accelerated northeastward until being integrated into a trough at UTC May That trough was later absorbed by a frontal system later that day.

The approach of Ana's precursor system warranted the issuance of a Tropical Storm Watch by the Bermuda Weather Service for the island of Bermuda at UTC on May However, the watch was discontinued 2 days later at UTC on May There were no reports of damage or casualties associated with the storm.^[41]

Tropical Storm Bill

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Duration	June 14&#;– June 15
Peak intensity	65&#;mph (&#;km/h) (1-min)&#; &#;mbar&#;(hPa)

In mid-June, a cold front sagged southward across the Mid-Atlantic United States. Shower and thunderstorm activity coalesced offshore the coastline of South Carolina, leading to the formation of an area of low pressure there. This low, and the associated convection, became better defined while being directed northeast by a shortwave trough, and a tropical depression formed to the east-southeast of North Carolina around &#;UTC on June&#; Though sheared, the incipient cyclone strengthened into Tropical Storm Bill twelve hours later. Banding features became better defined, especially across the northern and western quadrants of the storm, and Bill reached peak winds of 65&#;mph (&#;km/h) early on June&#;15 while paralleling the Northeast United States coastline. Its northeast track soon brought the system over colder waters and into higher wind shear, resulting in Bill's transition to an extratropical cyclone around &#;UTC on June&#; The low dissipated into a trough six hours later before progressing across southeastern Newfoundland. There were no reports of any damages or casualties. ^[42]

Tropical Storm Claudette

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Duration	June 19&#;– June 22
Peak intensity	45&#;mph (75&#;km/h) (1-min)&#; &#;mbar&#;(hPa)

Main article: Tropical Storm Claudette ()

On June&#;11, the National Hurricane Center (NHC) began monitoring a potential tropical low in the Gulf of Mexico.^[43] Initially, the system slowly moved to the south and caused heavy rainfall in Southern Mexico and Central America.^[44] It then meandered around with a loosely defined circulation in the Bay of Campeche for a few days. The system then started moving north and developed a very broad circulation.^[45] On June 17 at UTC, the NHC started issuing advisories on the system as Potential Tropical Cyclone Three.^[46] Tropical-storm-force winds were indicated by satellite data on June&#;18 at &#;UTC, but the storm still lacked a well-developed low-level circulation.^[47] As the system moved inland into southeastern Louisiana on June&#;19, satellite imagery finally revealed a well enough defined surface circulation and at &#;UTC, the NHC upgraded the system to a tropical storm, assigning it the name Claudette.^[48] Claudette then weakened into a tropical depression as it moved further inland and produced gusty winds in areas of Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, and parts of Florida.^[49] On June 21 at &#;UTC, Claudette re-strengthened into a tropical storm as its center was located over North Carolina.^[50] After moving into the Atlantic Ocean at UTC,^[51] Claudette moved away from the coast of United States,^[52] before degenerating into a trough of low pressure at UTC on June ^[53]

Heavy rainfall and tropical storm-force winds were reported across much of the Southeastern United States.^[54] Several tornadoes were spawned by Claudette, including an EF2&#;tornado that caused major damage and injured 20&#;people in East Brewton, Alabama.^[55][56] The system caused 14&#;fatalities, all in Alabama.^[57]

Tropical Storm Danny

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Duration	June 28&#;– June 29
Peak intensity	45&#;mph (75&#;km/h) (1-min)&#; &#;mbar&#;(hPa)

Main article: Tropical Storm Danny ()

An area of disturbed weather broke off of a dissipating cold front over the Central Atlantic well east of Bermuda on June&#;^[58][59] The next day, this area became a surface trough as it drifted southwestward before accelerating westward under the influence of a high pressure system to its north.^[60][61] Over the next few days, disorganized convection formed over the trough as it moved quickly west-northwestward and on June&#;26, the National Hurricane Center (NHC) began to monitor the disturbance for development as it passed several hundred miles south of Bermuda.^[62][63][64] By June&#;27, the trough had developed a closed low-level circulation as it continued to track west-northwestward, although disorganized thunderstorms remained displaced to the northwest of the center due to strong upper-level winds produced by a nearby upper-level low.^[65] After morning visible satellite images revealed a well-defined center with organized thunderstorms, albeit displaced to the west, the system was upgraded to Tropical Depression Four east of the coast of South Carolina at UTC on June ^[66] Following a hurricane hunter reconnaissance flight into the depression alongside Doppler radar data confirming the small depression was producing gale-force winds, the storm was upgraded to Tropical Storm Danny at UTC that day.^[67] Danny intensified slightly a couple of hours later after a large hot tower occurred over the center, reaching its peak intensity just off the coast of South Carolina with maximum sustained winds of 45&#;mph (75&#;km/h) and a minimum central pressure of &#;mb (&#;inHg).^[68] At UTC on June 28, Danny made landfall just north of Hilton Head on Pritchards Island, South Carolina with sustained winds of 40&#;mph (65&#;km/h) and quickly weakened into a tropical depression as it moved further inland, according to surface observations and Doppler radar data.^[68] Danny was the first storm to make landfall in the state of South Carolina in the month of June since Hurricane One in ^[69] Danny continued to move further inland until on June 29, at UTC, Danny finally dissipated over eastern Georgia after satellite imagery revealed that its low level circulation was no longer well defined.^[70][71]

Danny produced rainfall totals of up to 3 inches (&#;mm) in parts of South Carolina in the matter of hours following landfall, causing minor flash floods in populated areas.^[72] Lightning resulted in damage to some structures, while some trees were downed in Savannah, Georgia, by windy conditions.^[73] Danny produced heavy rainfall across parts of Metro Atlanta as it tracked westward.^[74]

Hurricane Elsa

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Duration	July 1&#;– July 9
Peak intensity	85&#;mph (&#;km/h) (1-min)&#; &#;mbar&#;(hPa)

Main article: Hurricane Elsa

The NHC began to monitor a tropical wave about miles (1,&#;km) from Cape Verde at UTC on June ^[75] The wave quickly organized as it moved eastward,^[76] and advisories were issued on Potential Tropical Cyclone Five at UTC on June 30, though it was noted that scatterometer data found an elongated and ill-defined circulation.^[77] It became a tropical depression by UTC on July 1 as its satellite appearance continued to gradually improve, with prominent banding features to the west of its center. An advanced scatterometer pass also revealed the system to have been possessing a better-defined, albeit still slightly elongated low-level circulation to its south and west.^[78] By UTC that same day, the depression further intensified into a tropical storm, and the NHC assigned it the name Elsa. This also made Elsa the earliest fifth-named storm on record, surpassing the previous record held by Tropical Storm Edouard of the previous year, which formed on July 6.^[79] Elsa also became a tropical storm farther east in the Main Development Region (MDR) than any other tropical cyclone so early in the calendar year on record, behind only the Trinidad hurricane.^[80][81] Elsa slowly strengthened overnight as it accelerated westward,^[79][82] and at &#;UTC on July 2, the NHC upgraded Elsa to a Category&#;1 hurricane.^[83] This made Elsa the eastern-most hurricane recorded in the MDR, south of °N, this early in the calendar year since ^[83][84] Around that time, Elsa was moving at a forward speed of 29&#;mph (47&#;km/h), making it the fastest-moving Atlantic tropical cyclone recorded undergoing rapid intensification in the deep tropics or the Gulf of Mexico, and also the first storm to undergo rapid intensification in that part of the Atlantic that early in the calendar year since another storm in ^[85][86] At &#;UTC on July 3, Elsa weakened back into a tropical storm, due to northeasterly wind shear, which was partially due to the storm's rapid forward motion at almost 30&#;mph (48&#;km/h).^[87] Afterward, Elsa's forward motion significantly slowed down to 14&#;mph (22&#;km/h) by the next day, as the storm's center relocated to the east under the region with the strongest convection, while passing just north of Jamaica.^[88][89] At &#;UTC on July 5, Elsa made landfall on west-central Cuba and weakened slightly.^[90] Several hours later, at &#;UTC on July 6, Elsa emerged into the Gulf of Mexico and began to restrengthen.^[91] At UTC on July 7, Elsa restrengthened into a Category 1 hurricane, with winds of 75&#;mph (&#;km/h) and a central pressure of &#;mb (&#;inHg).^[92][93] However, several hours later, wind shear and an entrainment of dry air caused Elsa to weaken back into a tropical storm.^[94][95] Elsa continued moving northward, and at &#;UTC (&#;a.m. EDT), Elsa made landfall in Taylor County, Florida.^[96][97] The storm weakened after landfall, but remained at minimal tropical storm strength as part of its circulation remained over water.^[98] Afterward, Elsa gradually began accelerating northeastward, and reintensified due to baroclinic forcing.^[99] Elsa became a post-tropical cyclone at UTC on July 9 over eastern Massachusetts.^[]

Tropical cyclone watches were issued for a large area of Greater and Lesser Antilles as much of the East Coast of the United States in anticipation of Elsa. As Elsa raced past the rest of the Antilles, it caused extensive damage to the islands. In Barbados, the storm brought down trees, damaged roofs, caused widespread power outages, and caused flash flooding. In the U.S., one person was killed by a falling tree in Florida, and another seventeen were injured at a Georgia military base during an EF1&#;tornado.^[] At least five people were killed by Elsa, including four in the Caribbean and one in the United States. The storm caused at least $ billion in damages.^[][]

Tropical Storm Fred

&#;
Duration	August 11&#;– August 18
Peak intensity	65&#;mph (&#;km/h) (1-min)&#; &#;mbar&#;(hPa)

Main article: Tropical Storm Fred ()

On August 4 at UTC, the NHC noted a disturbance in the middle of the Atlantic.^[] Consolidating in a favorable environment for development, the NHC began issuing advisories on the system as Potential Tropical Cyclone Six on August 9.^[] The system continued organizing as it neared the Leeward Islands; however, the system lacked a well-defined center.^[] On August 11 at UTC, the NHC upgraded the system to tropical storm status and gave it the name Fred after radar data, reconnaissance observations, and surface observations revealed tropical storm-force winds and a better-defined circulation.^[] The system moved over the Caribbean Sea until landfall on the island of Hispaniola at about UTC August ^[] As the system moved over the island, it became disorganized due to the island's mountainous terrain.^[] Consequently, at UTC August 12, the system weakened into a tropical depression.^[] On August 14, shear caused by an upper-level trough over the Gulf of Mexico and land interaction with Cuba caused Fred to degenerate into an open wave.^[] However, on August 15 at UTC, Fred regenerated to a tropical storm because the system had a well-defined low-level center.^[] At &#;UTC on August&#;16, Fred reached its peak intensity with winds of 65&#;mph (&#;km/h) and a minimum pressure of &#;mb (&#;inHg).^[] An hour later at &#;UTC, the storm made landfall near Cape San Blas, Florida, with the same wind speed and a slightly risen pressure of &#;mb ( inHg).^[] Fred began to weaken shortly after as it accelerated north-northeastwards. At &#;UTC on August&#;17, the NHC issued its final advisory on Fred as it started to degenerate. The system later produced several tornadoes across the Northeast U.S. as it moved up the Atlantic coast.^[]

One person died from a car accident due to hydroplaning in Bay County, Florida.^[] In North Carolina, severe flooding led to the deaths of 5 people in Cruso.^[] The storm caused at least $ billion in damages.^[]

Hurricane Grace

&#;
Duration	August 13&#;– August 21
Peak intensity	&#;mph (&#;km/h) (1-min)&#; &#;mbar&#;(hPa)

Main article: Hurricane Grace

The NHC began to monitor a tropical wave south of the Cabo Verde Islands at UTC on August ^[] The wave began to coalesce and by UTC on August 13, the NHC considered the wave to be organized enough to be designated as Potential Tropical Cyclone Seven and began to issue advisories.^[] On August 14 at UTC, the NHC upgraded the tropical depression to a tropical storm, assigning it the name Grace.^[] However, Grace weakened to a tropical depression on August&#;15 at around &#;UTC.^[] It made landfall on Hispaniola on August&#;16, just two days after the devastating Haiti earthquake. By &#;UTC The following day, it had reorganized back to a tropical storm. Grace's intensity continued to increase, and on August&#;18 at UTC, the NHC upgraded the tropical storm to a Category&#;1 hurricane after reconnaissance aircraft found hurricane-force winds inside the system.^[] Little further intensification occurred before the system made landfall near Tulum, Quintana Roo, at UTC on August&#;^[] Later, Grace weakened into a tropical storm again while crossing the Yucatan Peninsula.^[] However, after moving offshore of the peninsula and into the southwestern Gulf of Mexico at around &#;UTC on August 20, the storm began to re-strengthen, becoming a Category 1 hurricane at &#;UTC that same day. On August 21 at &#;UTC, Grace rapidly intensified to a Category 3 hurricane just fifteen hours later, becoming the first major hurricane of the season. After peaking with winds of &#;mph (&#;km/h), the system made landfall near Tecolutla, Veracruz, at &#;UTC.^[][][][] It then rapidly weakened over the mountains of central Mexico and dissipated there.^[] However, the remnants of Grace traveled across Mexico, and contributed to the development of Tropical Storm Marty in the Eastern Pacific.^[]

Hurricane Henri

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Duration	August 16&#;– August 23
Peak intensity	75&#;mph (&#;km/h) (1-min)&#; &#;mbar&#;(hPa)

Main article: Hurricane Henri

At &#;UTC on August&#;15, the NHC began to monitor a small, yet well defined low-pressure system &#;miles north-northeast of Bermuda. At &#;UTC on August&#;16, the system intensified into a tropical depression when geostationary satellite data showed the convection being organized enough to be considered tropical cyclone. Eighteen hours later at &#;UTC, the system was upgraded to a tropical storm and received the name Henri.^[] Due to persistent wind shear, the center was consistently near the western edge of its convection.^[] On August 18, Henri intensified into a high-end tropical storm as the convection organized and wrapped around the mid-level circulation center.^[] However, the low-level center remained near the edge of the convection due to wind shear. For the next three days, Henri remained as a strong tropical storm whilst curving northwards as it rounded the western edge of the Azores High. At UTC on August 21, Henri strengthened to a hurricane as shear relaxed, allowing the low-level and the mid-level circulation centers to align.^[] Henri made landfall on August&#;22, near Westerly, Rhode Island, around &#;UTC as a tropical storm, with maximum sustained winds of 60&#;mph (95&#;km/h).^[] Shortly after landfall, Henri rapidly weakened to a tropical depression as it made a small loop.^[] Late on the next day, Henri degenerated to an extratropical cyclone as it accelerated east-northeastwards.^[]

Hurricane Ida

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Duration	August 26&#;– September 1
Peak intensity	&#;mph (&#;km/h) (1-min)&#; &#;mbar&#;(hPa)

Main article: Hurricane Ida

On August 23, the NHC began to monitor a tropical wave over the eastern Caribbean Sea. As it approached Central America, favorable environmental conditions allowed it to rapidly organize, and by UTC on August 26, it became the ninth tropical depression of the season.^[] An Air Force aircraft found tropical storm-force winds within the system six hours later, and it was subsequently given the name Ida. As Ida travelled northwest, high sea surface temperatures and ocean heat content coupled with low wind shear allowed it to rapidly intensify into a Category 1 hurricane. Ida made landfall as a Category 1 hurricane on the Isla de la Juventud in Cuba at UTC on August 27 with winds of 75&#;mph (&#;km/h) and a pressure of &#;mb. Later on the same day at UTC, Ida made its second landfall at Pinar del Río, Cuba, with winds of 80&#;mph (&#;km/h) and a minimum central pressure of &#;mb.^[][] Increasingly favorable conditions continued to allow Ida's structure to improve, and satellite imagery showed that the system was beginning to develop a more robust outflow channel, and a nascent, cloud-filled eye accompanied that. Subsequently, it intensified into a Category 2 hurricane and later to a Category 3 hurricane on August 29 at UTC as the system cleared out a warm eye.^[] At UTC, the NHC upgraded Ida to a Category 4 hurricane after undergoing explosive intensification.^[] As Ida neared the Louisiana coast, it reached its peak intensity, with 1-minute sustained wind speeds of &#;mph (&#;km/h) and a minimum central barometric pressure of &#;mbar (&#;inHg), around UTC.^[] Strengthening was then halted as the storm began an eyewall replacement cycle, forming a second eyewall, but Ida remained near its peak intensity. At UTC on August&#;29, Ida made landfall near Port Fourchon, Louisiana, with sustained winds of &#;mph (&#;km/h) and a central pressure of mbar ( inHg), tying the Last Island hurricane and Hurricane Laura as the strongest landfalling hurricane on record in Louisiana, as measured by maximum sustained wind, and trailing only Hurricane Katrina, as measured by central pressure at landfall.^[][][] A &#;mph (&#;km/h) wind gust was reported in Port Fourchon^[] as Ida made landfall. Afterward, Ida weakened slowly at first, remaining a dangerous major hurricane.^[] As the storm moved further inland, Ida began to rapidly weaken. On August 30, Ida weakened into a depression.^[] The system degenerated to a post-tropical cyclone two days later, as it moved over the central Appalachian Mountains.^[]

Rains from Ida's precursor tropical wave triggered damaging floods and landslides across Venezuela, resulting in at least 20 deaths.^[] Trees were blown down and many homes were destroyed as Ida passed over Cuba. The storm caused widespread significant damage throughout coastal sowthwest Louisiana; parts of the New Orleans metropolitan area were left without power for several weeks.^[] Ida's remnants subsequently spawned a tornado outbreak and widespread flash flooding in the Northeastern United States with several flash flood emergencies and a tornado emergency being issued in areas stretching from Philadelphia to New York City. An EF2&#;tornado caused considerable damage in Annapolis, Maryland while a low-end EF2&#;tornado caused significant damage in Oxford, Pennsylvania. Another EF2&#;tornado caused a fatality in Upper Dublin Township, Pennsylvania before a destructive EF3&#;tornado heavily damaged or destroyed multiple homes in Mullica Hill, New Jersey. Widespread catastrophic flooding shut down most of the transportation system in New York City.^[][] The storm caused an estimated $ billion in damages and resulted in at least 95 deaths.^[] The majority of those deaths occurred in Louisiana, New Jersey and New York.

Tropical Storm Kate

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Duration	August 28&#;– September 1
Peak intensity	45&#;mph (75&#;km/h) (1-min)&#; &#;mbar&#;(hPa)

The NHC began to monitor a tropical wave south of Cape Verde on August Once the system acquired characteristics of a tropical cyclone, it was designated as a tropical depression on August ^[] At UTC on August&#;30, satellite data indicated that the tropical depression had sustained wind speeds of 45 mph (75 km/h), and it was upgraded to a tropical storm and named Kate. Strong west-northwesterly shear inhibited substantive strengthening by displacing the storm's convective activity well to the east of its center, which by the morning of August&#;31, had become fully exposed in visible satellite imagery.^[] Consequently, Kate was downgraded to a tropical depression at &#;UTC that day.^[] The system's structure continued to deteriorate into September&#;1 despite occasional bursts of deep convection, and it degenerated into a remnant low by &#;UTC.^[]

Tropical Storm Julian

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Duration	August 29&#;– August 30
Peak intensity	60&#;mph (95&#;km/h) (1-min)&#; &#;mbar&#;(hPa)

On August 20 at UTC, the NHC began monitoring a tropical wave off of the coast of Africa.^[] The wave moved northwest toward the subtropical ridge of the Atlantic, then subsequently moved north. The disturbance then moved east and acquired low-level circulation and subsequently upgraded to a tropical depression at UTC on August&#;^[] The system continued to organize and by UTC on the next day, the depression attained wind speeds of a tropical storm, and was named Julian.^[] The storm strengthened some and accelerated to the northeast. Late on August&#;29, it began to interact with a deep-layer area of low pressure located just east of Newfoundland.^[] Julian went through extratropical transition and became post-tropical by &#;UTC on August&#;^[]

Hurricane Larry

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Duration	August 31&#;– September 11
Peak intensity	&#;mph (&#;km/h) (1-min)&#; &#;mbar&#;(hPa)

Main article: Hurricane Larry

On August 27, the NHC began to monitor a tropical wave that was forecast to exit the African coast. Conditions proved conductive for development as the wave moved off of Africa, and at UTC on August 31, it was designated as a tropical depression. As convection increased near the center of the depression, satellite data estimated the winds around 45 mph (75 km/h), and at UTC on September 1, it was given the name Larry.^[] Larry developed an eye-like feature as it moved west, undergoing a period of rapid intensification throughout the day.^[] At &#;UTC on September&#;2, the storm strengthened into a Category&#;1 hurricane.^[] The next day, while located roughly midway between the southernmost Cabo Verde Islands and the Leeward Islands, the hurricane reached Category&#;2 status.^[] Larry then intensified into a Category 3 hurricane six hours later.^[] While maintaining Category 3 status for multiple days, Larry gained annular characteristics and completed two eyewall replacement cycles.^[][][][] On September 7, the eyewall became less defined as the convection decreased.^[] Early the next day, Larry was downgraded to a Category 2 hurricane. On September&#;9, it weakened to a Category&#;1 hurricane, while located roughly &#;mi (&#;km) east of Bermuda.^[] At &#;UTC on September 11, Larry made landfall on Newfoundland, near South East Bight.^[] Later that day, it transitioned to a post-tropical cyclone over the Labrador Sea, and subsequently brought snow to parts of Greenland.^[]

Rip currents produced by the hurricane led to two drownings in the United States: one in Florida and one in South Carolina.^[][]

Tropical Storm Mindy

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Duration	September 8&#;– September 10
Peak intensity	45&#;mph (75&#;km/h) (1-min)&#; &#;mbar&#;(hPa)

On August&#;30, the NHC began monitoring the southern Caribbean Sea where a broad area of low pressure was expected to form.^[] After the low formed, it moved along the Caribbean coast of Central America, across the Yucatán Peninsula, and into the Gulf of Mexico. After moving into the northeastern Gulf, the disturbance became better organized, and at &#;UTC on September&#;8, the NHC initiated advisories on Tropical Storm Mindy.^[] At &#;UTC on September&#;9, Mindy made landfall on St. Vincent Island, Florida, about 10&#;mi (15&#;km) west-southwest of Apalachicola, Florida, with maximum sustained winds of 45&#;mph (75&#;km/h).^[] A few hours later, it weakened to a tropical depression,^[] and by &#;UTC, had moved offshore the coast of Georgia into the Atlantic Ocean.^[] Mindy became post-tropical and merged with a cold front early on September&#;^[]

Hurricane Nicholas

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Duration	September 12&#;– September 16
Peak intensity	75&#;mph (&#;km/h) (1-min)&#; &#;mbar&#;(hPa)

Main article: Hurricane Nicholas

On September&#;9, the NHC began monitoring the northern portion of a tropical wave over the western Caribbean Sea for potential development as it moved across northern Central America and the Yucatán Peninsula toward the Bay of Campeche.^[] By the next day, the wave was interacting with a surface trough over the southwestern Gulf of Mexico, producing widespread but disorganized showers and thunderstorms across the region.^[] Showers and thunderstorms associated with this system increased and become better organized on September&#;12, and as a result, advisories were initiated at &#;UTC on Tropical Storm Nicholas.^[] On September 14 at UTC, a WeatherFlow Station at Matagorda Bay reported sustained winds of 76&#;mph (&#;km/h), prompting the NHC to upgrade the storm to hurricane status.^[] Shortly thereafter, at &#;UTC, Nicholas made landfall about 10&#;mi (15&#;km) west-southwest of Sargent Beach, Texas, with maximum sustained winds of 75&#;mph (&#;km/h).^[] The system quickly weakened inland to tropical storm strength, as it moved to near Galveston Bay.^[] By &#;UTC on September&#;15, it had weakened to a tropical depression as the system moved toward the east-northeast.^[] Early the following day, while stationary near Marsh Island, along the Louisiana coast, Nicholas became post-tropical.^[]

According to RMS, insured losses from Hurricane Nicholas ranged from $ to $ billion ( USD).^[]

Tropical Storm Odette

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Duration	September 17&#;– September 18
Peak intensity	45&#;mph (75&#;km/h) (1-min)&#; &#;mbar&#;(hPa)

On September 11, the NHC began monitoring an area of low pressure over the southeastern Bahamas.^[] At UTC on September 17, advisories were initated on Tropical Storm Odette.^[] Soon afterward, the storm began an extratropical transition. During this process, its deep convection was consistently displaced well to the east of a poorly-defined center due to strong westerly wind shear. The system's circulation was elongated from southwest to northeast and contained multiple low-cloud swirls.^[] Odette completed extratropical transition late the following day, becoming a post-tropical cyclone.^[] After degenerating into a non-tropical low pressure system, the remnants of Odette drifted into the northern Atlantic on September&#;19, producing gale-force winds.^[] Afterward, Odette's remnants continued moving out into the Atlantic, moving northeastward, before turning southward, making a slow counterclockwise curve, before turning back eastward. During this time, the NHC monitored Odette's remnants for the potential to redevelop into a subtropical or tropical cyclone.^[] However, by September 24, Odette's remnants had deteriorated, causing the NHC to cease outlooks on the system.^[] Afterward, Odette's remnants turned southward, gradually weakening over the next few days,^[] before dissipating on September ^[][]

Tropical Storm Peter

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Duration	September 19&#;– September 23
Peak intensity	50&#;mph (85&#;km/h) (1-min)&#; &#;mbar&#;(hPa)

At UTC on September 11, the National Hurricane Center began monitoring a tropical wave expected to move off the west coast of Africa.^[] The wave moved westward across the central Atlantic for several days. By &#;UTC on September&#;19, it had more organized, with a well-defined center and deep convection, sufficient enough to be classified as a tropical depression.^[] Six hours later, it was upgraded to tropical storm status, and assigned the name Peter.^[] As the storm approached the northern Leeward Islands on September&#;20, it was being buffeted by a steady 30–35&#;mph (45–55&#;km/h) southwesterly wind shear from a nearby upper low. As a result, Peter's low-level center was displaced roughly &#;mi (&#;km) west of its showers and thunderstorms, and the system was unable to undergo any major strengthening.^[] The system brought heavy rain showers to the northern Leeward Islands, Virgin Islands, and Puerto Rico on September&#;21, as it tracked to their east. Due to continued strong wind shear, its heaviest rains remained away from the islands over water.^[] Later that day, the system weakened to a tropical depression,^[] and then early on September&#;23, degenerated into a remnant low.^[] On September 25, the NHC began monitoring an area of disorganized showers and thunderstorms south of Bermuda associated with the remnants of Peter for potential development.^[] However, by late on September&#;29, further development was no longer anticipated.^[]

Tropical Storm Rose

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Duration	September 19&#;– September 23
Peak intensity	50&#;mph (85&#;km/h) (1-min)&#; &#;mbar&#;(hPa)

At UTC on September 15, the National Hurricane Center began monitoring a tropical wave approaching the Atlantic coast of Africa.^[] After moving into the far eastern tropical Atlantic, it formed a low pressure center, though it remained disorganized. By UTC on September 19, the disturbance had acquired a well-defined circulation and enough organized deep convection for it to be designated a tropical depression.^[] Later that day, satellite images showed that the deep convection had increased within the cyclone and that its overall structure had continued to improve. As a result, the cyclone was upgraded to a tropical storm and given the name Rose.^[] As the storm moved northwestward over the eastern tropical Atlantic between September 20 and 21, it was beset by high wind shear, leaving its low-level circulation center exposed and all of the heavy thunderstorm activity confined to the east side of the center.^[] Early on September&#;22, Rose weakened to a tropical depression,^[] and then transitioned into a post-tropical cyclone the following day.^[]

Hurricane Sam

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Duration	September 22&#;– October 5
Peak intensity	&#;mph (&#;km/h) (1-min)&#; &#;mbar&#;(hPa)

On September 19, the NHC began monitoring a tropical wave over West Africa for potential for tropical cyclogenesis.^[] After emerging into the Atlantic, the showers and thunderstorms within the wave increased on September&#;21, and began exhibiting signs of organization.^[] The disturbance organized further through the following day, and by &#;UTC on September&#;22, its low-level circulation had become well-defined enough to mark the formation of Tropical Depression Eighteen.^[] The system quickly strengthened as it moved westward across the open ocean, and at &#;UTC on September&#;23, the depression strengthened into Tropical Storm Sam.^[] Sam continued to rapidly intensify, with its winds reaching 70&#;mph (&#;km/h) 24 hours after its initial designation.^[] At &#;UTC on September 24, Sam was upgraded to a Category 1 hurricane as it continued intensifying.^[] After briefly leveling out in intensity, the storm resumed rapid intensification, reaching Category&#;3 hurricane status at UTC on September&#;^[][38] Satellite images showed a well-defined eye embedded in a developing central dense overcast, and following an increase in Dvorak intensity estimates, Sam was upgraded into a Category&#;4 hurricane six hours later.^[]

On September 26, the NHC estimated that Sam reached its peak intensity between and &#;UTC, with the storm likely attaining maximum sustained winds of &#;mph (&#;km/h) and a central minimum pressure of &#;mbar (&#;inHg), making Sam a high-end Category&#;4 hurricane.^[] Sam briefly weakened into a Category&#;3 hurricane due to an eyewall replacement cycle before re-strengthening back to a Category&#;4 hurricane at &#;UTC on September ^[][][] The intensity then fluctuated between –&#;mph (–&#;km/h) as it went through another eyewall replacement cycle, before Sam began another strengthening trend while growing in size.^[] Early on October 1, Sam reached its secondary peak, with maximum sustained winds of &#;mph (&#;km/h) and a central pressure of &#;mbar (&#;inHg), while accelerating north-northwestward.^[][] The storm turned northward and then northeastward, passing east-southeast of Bermuda.^[] Around this time, Sam gradually began to weaken as it tracked over cooler sea surface temperatures.^[] Sam was downgraded from a major hurricane on October 3, but managed to briefly re-strengthen slightly following another eyewall replacement cycle later that day.^[][] The hurricane's cloud pattern began to degrade again on October&#;4, and it weakened to Category&#;1 strength late that day.^[] Early on October&#;5, the hurricane completed a dynamic extratropical transition and transitioned to a powerful post-tropical cyclone over the far North Atlantic between Newfoundland and Iceland while being absorbed by a large mid-latitude extratropical cyclone.^[]

Subtropical Storm Teresa

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Duration	September 24&#;– September 25
Peak intensity	45&#;mph (75&#;km/h) (1-min)&#; &#;mbar&#;(hPa)

On September 23, the NHC began monitoring a non-tropical surface low southeast of Bermuda for potential tropical or subtropical development.^[] As the system moved northwestward into the following day and interacted with an upper-level trough, a well-defined center formed; the low was also producing gale-force winds on the north side of its circulation.^[] At &#;UTC on September&#;24, the NHC initiated advisories on Subtropical Storm Teresa.^[] However, cool waters, dry air, and wind shear quickly weakened the storm, and it was downgraded to a subtropical depression at &#;UTC the next day, while located about &#;mi (&#;km) north of Bermuda.^[38] Six&#;hours later, the system became post-tropical as it degenerated into a remnant low. ^[]

Tropical Storm Victor

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Duration	September 29&#;– October 4
Peak intensity	65&#;mph (&#;km/h) (1-min)&#; &#;mbar&#;(hPa)

On September 26, the NHC began to monitor a tropical wave that was forecast to soon to move off the west coast of Africa.^[] Once it did, an area of low pressure formed and steadily grew more organized, with heavy thunderstorm activity increasing as it did. Consequently, the system was designated Tropical Depression Twenty at &#;UTC on September&#;^[39] Later that day, the system strengthened into a tropical storm, receiving the name Victor.^[] Victor remained steady in strength as it moved westward. ^[] Afterward, the system became better organized as it moved west-northwestward. Victor reached peak intensity with winds of 65&#;mph (&#;km/h) and a minimum central pressure of &#;mbar (&#;inHg) on October&#;2.^[] However, its development was hampered due to southerly wind shear.^[] The storm weakened to a tropical depression later that same day.^[] At &#;UTC on October&#;4, the depression degenerated into a trough of low pressure.^[]

Storm names

The following names will be used for named storms that form in the North Atlantic in ^[] If there are more than 21 named storms this season, subsequent storms will take names from an auxiliary list of names approved by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO).^{[nb 5][]}Retired names, if any, will be announced by the WMO in the spring of The names not retired from this list will be used again in the season.^[] This is the same list used in the season, with the exceptions of Elsa and Julian, which replaced Erika and Joaquin, respectively. The names Elsa, Julian, Rose, Sam, Teresa, and Victor were used for the first time this year.

Season effects

This is a table of all of the storms that have formed in the Atlantic hurricane season. It includes their duration, names, damages, and death totals. Deaths in parentheses are additional and indirect (an example of an indirect death would be a traffic accident), but were still related to that storm. Damage and deaths include totals while the storm was extratropical, a wave, or a low, and all of the damage figures are in USD.

See also

Notes

References